[1]周艺梦,吴灵慧.德国长期护理制度家庭照护者支持策略及启示[J].卫生经济研究,2025,42(07):65-67.
　ZHOU Yimeng,WU Linghui.Strategies and Inspirations of the Long-Term Care System to Provide Support for Family Caregivers in Germany[J].Journal Press of Health Economics Research,2025,42(07):65-67.
点击复制

德国长期护理制度家庭照护者支持策略及启示

卫生经济研究[ISSN:1004-7778/CN:33-1056/F]

卷:
42
期数:
2025年07期
页码:
65-67
栏目:
他山之石
出版日期:
2025-07-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Strategies and Inspirations of the Long-Term Care System to Provide Support for Family Caregivers in Germany
作者:
周艺梦1; 吴灵慧1
1.武汉科技大学，湖北 武汉 430065
Author(s):
ZHOU Yimeng;  WU Linghui
Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430065, China
关键词:
居家养老; 家庭照护者; 长期护理保险
Keywords:
home-based elderly care;  family caregivers;  long-term care insurance
分类号:
F840.684；R19
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
德国在坚持家庭主义和辅助性原则的基础上，充分利用长期护理保险制度为家庭照护者提供支持：通过护理津贴、减压金、保险补贴以及免息贷款等方式，减轻家庭照护者的经济负担；立法规定多种护理假期并由长期护理保险支付一定额度薪酬补贴，为家庭照护者提供护理援助、喘息服务、护理培训、护理咨询等多种服务。我国可借鉴德国经验，完善失能老人长期照护制度，利用长期护理保险支持家庭照护者，协助家庭照护者实现就业与照护的平衡。
Abstract:
In Germany, on the basis of the principles of famililism and subsidiarity, the long-term care insurance system is fully utilized to provide support for family caregivers. It reduces the financial burden of family caregivers through nursing allowances, stress relief funds, insurance subsidies, and interest-free loans. Legislation stipulates a variety of nursing holidays and pays a certain amount of salary subsidies through long-term care insurance, and it provides nursing assistance, respite services, nursing training, nursing consultation, and other services for family caregivers. Learning from the experience of Germany, China should improve the long-term care system for the disabled elderly, use long-term care insurance to support family caregivers, and assist family caregivers in achieving a balance between employment and care.

参考文献/References:

[1] Schwinger A,Kuhlmey A,Gre?茁 S,et al.Pflege-Report 2023:Versorgungsqualit?t von Langzeitgepflegten[M].Springer Berlin, Heidelberg,2023:235-249.
[2] 仲利娟.长期护理保险家庭化:来自德国的证据[J].学海，2018 （04）：73-79.
[3] Kuhlmey A,Budnick A.Pflegende angeh?rige in deutschland:vereinbarkeit von pflege und erwerbst?tigkeit[J].Bundesgesundheitsbl,2023,66：550-556.
[4] AOK.Ambulante Pflege zu Hause[EB/OL].(2024-08-20)[2024-12-07].Https://www.aok.de/pk/pflegeleistungen/ambulante-pflege-zu-hause.
[5] Bundesministerium für Gesundheit.Pflegeversicherung,Zahlen und Fakten[EB/OL].(2024-07-15)[2024-12-07].https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/fileadmin/Dateien/3_Downloads/Stati-stiken/Pflegeversicherung/Zahlen_und_Fakten/Zahlen-Fakten_P-flegeversicherung.pdf.
[6] 谭荣.德国家庭护理假制度研究[D].重庆：西南大学，2021.
[7] Heil H.Social,Security at a Glance.Federal Ministry of Labour Affairs[R].Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs,2020.
[8] 刘涛.福利多元主义视角下的德国长期照护保险制度研究[J].公共行政评论，2016，9（04）：68-87，207.
[9] 齐天骄.德国长期照护服务体系研究：以福利多元主义理论为视角[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社，2022.
[10] 崔仕臣，顾欣怡.欧洲长期照护现金支付的多样性研究与借鉴[J].卫生经济研究，2024，41（03）：74-77,81.

相似文献/References:

[1]姜 腊.人口老龄化视域下家庭照护者支持政策研究[J].卫生经济研究,2023,40(8):21.
　JIANG La.Study on Support Policies for Family Caregivers from the Perspective of Population Aging[J].Journal Press of Health Economics Research,2023,40(07):21.

更新日期/Last Update: 2025-07-01